Eveline Father Denied Giving Her Money English Literature Essay

Eveline Father Denied Giving Her Money English Literature Essay Eveline story is about a teenager with Italian roots called Eveline that has 2 brothers called Harry and Ernest and parents which have no name and most importantly a lover called Frank. Eveline had a very drastic life also had bad and violent relationship with her father, and the fact that her mother died when she was younger. She always felt herself as the forgotten, the one that nobody cared about, because her father preferred her brothers and he always demanded her to bring money to their house. Eveline father denied giving her money because he thought she was going to use it in stupid things. But later on, Eveline started to move over with her life when she met Frank, a traveler who fell in love with Eveline and promised her to buy her a house in Buenos Aires. Frank convinced Eveline to move to Buenos Aires for them to live a new life and when they were finally boarding up the ship Eveline remembered the promise her mother had told her about take care of the house no matter what happened and that made her decide not to go. 2.0 Type Of Story Textually Implicit In this story, Eveline had a dark life because of her mother passed away for a few years ago. She was afraid and felt herself in danger of her father behavior and violence. However, her father actually not so bad. Evelines really missed her fathers nature when her mother was alive. He is a caring and had sense of humor with his childhood. Evelines missed that moment so much. Evelines also did not know the grief suffered by his father due to his mothers death. Her father feels so empty without his wife and he wants to maintain all the things in his house like his wife alive. In this story, both of them really missed a happy life together. They always flash back the sweet moment before her mother death. This text is textually implicit because we have to use the information in the story to make inferences about the characters and the real feeling Textually Explicit In this story, Eveline is a lonely person. She likes to dreamy and talk with herself her conditions. She did not share her problems especially with her father;s,friends and her siblings. She try to find out the ways to get a better life without thinking her fathers conditions. All the Evelines characters are explicit and it is stated in the story. 3.0 Story Structure (1): Theme This story begins in a town in Ireland which is Belfast with the introduction of family characters. Family seems to be a strong theme in Eveline story. This theme is evident when Eveline stays home and takes over her mother duty in the household as a teen after a promise was made to her dying mother. Deaths play the major role in this story as the author points out that many Eveline friends and family are said to have died at some point. Another theme in Eveline story is paralysis, escape and freedom. Eveline longs for escape. The story also draws on the theme of class.  It is a tale of a woman who is bound to the past and has the opportunity, through marriage to Frank, for freedom and a life in a different country (Buenos Aires, Argentina). She is torn between the call of the past and home and the call of a new future. Eveline stays in the same place, goes nowhere. It is difficult to go full circle without much movement, and in the story there is exactly that, very little movement. Eveline we are told only stands up of the chair she is sitting on for most of the story and goes to the ships side. We are never told how she gets there, Joyce taking her there directly. Escape: She has every reason to leave She has to work hard and is accused of waste money Her father abuse to her Nobody protects her Perspective of living the same life as her mothers, she has been given a chance Paralysis: Cause the feature of her escape continuous shift from living and not living. Eveline is a passive character. 4.0 Story Structure(2): Plot The story starts with Eveline sitting at home looking out the window and reminiscing about when she was a child and the freedom she had playing in the field that was once across the road from her house. It has long since gone, replaced by new houses. She is looking around the house and its repetitiveness, this brings on an anxious feeling and she starts to weigh up her decision. She thinks about what her work colleagues would say but soon disregards their importance, it was only a job where she was not respected by her supervisor Miss Gavan. Eveline thinks she will be treated with respect in Buenos Aries because she would be a married woman (social status and class), but she is drawn back when she starts to think about her family. She would miss her father and brother Harry, even though her father was tight with money, abusive, and liked to drink. It was Evelines job to make him his dinner, she needs him. Even though she handed up most of her wages, she still found it hard to get mon ey back from him for necessities. Though it was a hard life she starts to have second thoughts, but now as she is about to leave it she did not find it a whole undesirable life. She starts to remember her promise to her mother, her promise to keep the home together as long as she could and laments at how much her father would miss her. She starts to think her father isnt all bad and remembers on the night her mother died how her father stopped the organ-player from playing on the street. She then recalls her mothers saying Derevaun Seraun. It is now that we have the first movements from Eveline, when she jumps up from her chair, thinking that it is Frank who will love her and give her happiness. Frank will be her rescuer. Eveline moves directly to ship side where she is standing motionless with Frank, still not knowing if she should go with him to Buenos Aries. Still unsure she starts praying repetitively, in doubt she has reliance on God. When it comes time to board the ship, Frank signal her to follow him but she is stuck to the railings still praying. With no more time left Frank boards the ship and Eveline cannot follow him. She is staying at home. Eveli ne is not leaving, she is to repeat the same mistakes her mother made and return to her father. The climax of Eveline only comes only after the long flashbacks into Evelines life end, where the time finally comes for her to shed her past life behind and join Frank in Buenos Ayres. Eveline is torn between her desire to leave, and the safety and comforts of her life. The conflict between Evelines decision to leave and her desires to stay never does come to a true resolution, the story only ending in the lines, She set her white face to him, passive, like a helpless animal. Her eyes gave him no sign of love or farewell or recognition. In leaving the ending of the story as such, There is two options of what reader believe the ending would be Eveline leaving with Frank, or Eveline staying behind as Frank is forced to leave. 5.0 Story Structure (3): Character Analysis Eveline Eveline is a main character for this story. She likes staring and remembering her childhood story. In the opening scene, she sat at the window and reviewing all its familiar objects which she had dusted once a week for so many years. She likes to dream and wants to get happy life. It is shown in paragraph 5, but in her new home, she would be married and people treat her with respect not as her mother had been. Then, Eveline was affraid of his father, he always voiced fierce and make her fears. In paragraph 5(line 5) she sometimes felt herself in danger of her fathers violence and agiven her the palpitations. Other than that, Evelines brave to get affair with deck boy, Frank. She also wants to be free and leave the house with Frank without permission of her father. In paragraph 7, Frank falling in love with Eveline, of course her father had found out the affair and forbidden her to have anything to say to him. More than that, Eveline said she must escape! Frank would save her and giv e her life. Evelins father He is a good father and also a great husband. He like to create jokes to make their childrens laughing. It is shown in paragraph 8 (line 5), they had all gone for a picnic to the Hill of Howth. Her father putt her mother bonnet to make the children laugh. However, Eveline fathers change when her mother passed away. He turn to moody and sensitive person, it shown in his character in paragraph 5(line 15), he said she (Eveline) used to squander the money that she had no head, that he wasnt going to give his hard-earned money to throw about the street and much more. Frank He is Evelines lover. He is a deck boy on ship the Allan Line. He is a kind and open-hearted guy. It is shown in paragraph 6, Frank was a very kind, manly and open hearted. He also have talent in singing. He was awfully fond music and sang a little in line 11. Frank wants to make Evelines happy and run from her dark life.  ¬- he would give her life, perhaps love too. She had a right to happiness. Frank would take her in his arms, fold her in his arms. Miss Gavin She is Evelines Store supervisor. Miss Gavan gives an advice for Eveline to more concentrate when she working. It shown at paragraph 4(line 7), she had always had an edge on her, especially whenever there were people listening. 6.0 Story Structure (4): Consequences Of The Story In the story, Eveline did not have friends and also her brother had his own career. She is always alone and think about her fate. Although, she was approach 20 years old, she really felt danger with her father violence. So, the consequence from the part Eveline try to go out from the problems with easy way. She wants to follow her boyfriend to run away from her house. She always dream to be happy with Frank and make her colorful life together. But, before she steep up to the ship, she felt her cheek pale and cold then, her distress a nausea in her body. Eveline gave no sign when Frank was shouted and called her. Evelines father also make a bad consequence for the story. He cannot accept his wife was dead and change hiself to be fierce. He did not try to close and understand his daughter desire and needs. He was selfish and did not shows the good atittude or role model for his chilhood. So, thats his daughters Eveline will to leave him alone witout get permission 7.0 Literary Criticism (1) :The Interpretative Response In this story, we found that there are 4 aspects related to Eveline life which is childhood, adolescence, maturity and public life. Eveline short story was happened between adolescent and maturity. The character of Eveline is largely affected by feminist issues of the time period. We found that this issue is quiet sensitive and people in this year, do not appreciate women power at all. The writer ideas are all about Evelines relationships with her family and boyfriends, and her duties and also obligation. With her mother having passed, she expected to take care of childhood home. Eveline has to struggle to make a reality promises that can be shows on pharase her promise to keep the home together as long as she could, a promise she made to her mother while on her deathbed. Taking care of her home is one example of Evelines oppression by lack of women liberation. She had hard work to keep the house together to see that the two young children who had been left to her charge went to school regularly and got their meals regularly, Joyce write. It was hard work-a hard life. It is never clear mention whom Eveline is responsible to taking care their family home but it is clearly illustrated that she is unhappy in her life and the position of a housewife without a legal husband is really made her sick. Evelines relationship with her father is not really good and the most reason is she always never get attention from her father at all. Because of that,her father always treats her uneven and differently because shes female. Even now, though she was over nineteen, she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father violence. This is one of the evidence that she actually afraid with her own father.In this time period, females were still viewed as less than the worth of men, unable to hold position of power thus in this story, clearly shows that Evelines father was no t proud of her at all but he more proud with his son 8.0 Literary Criticism(2): The Critical Response Jamess hints that Evelines harbors doubts about her relationship with Frank, the sailor man.She puts so much of her proposed future happiness on Frank, and assumes that leaving her life as a homemaker is only possible by becoming his legal wife. Frank also give offered to Eveline the chance to travel with him. He always telling her about his past adventures sailing and she excited about the ideas.She considers his good qualities, his kindness, his mankind, his passion of music but never once does he shows that he in love with her Evelines wanted to use Frank as reason for escape to other place, and she was conquer by the idea of marriage and probably others would thinks higher of her status now that she was with a man that can protect her. When the night boat is start to go, she start to prays to the God, hopefully show her what was her duty. Here, duty suggested that she believe her life with Frank would be like her mothers life with her violent father or no better than Evelines life with her father. It may be the factor that her doubts about her love relationship with Frank, combined with her responsible to her surrounding and her feelings of guilty towards her family especially, lead to overcome her desire to escape. 9.0 Conclusion As the conclusion this story is quiet interesting and totally preceded the womens suffrage in Ireland city, the story protagonist and the title character, Eveline, is largely affected by the classical feminine issues. This story can give us the image how Eveline tries to discover herself and her own wishes. But her way of initiation is meant to lead to an surprising conclusion by Eveline in the end of the story. What is so fascinating about Eveline is not only the plot itself, but the way Joyce illustrates the situation of Eveline linguistically through his way of writing.

Mother-Daughter Relationships: A Feminist Overview Essay -- Analysis,

Al-Mosaed, Nora F. "Mother-Daughter Relationships: A Feminist Overview." Journal of the Social Sciences 31.3 (2003): 707-729. Sociological Abstracts. Print. Nora Al-Mosaed’s â€Å"Mother-Daughter Relationships: A Feminist Overview† argues that sexism and unequal treatment towards women in a patriarchal society negatively impacts the behavior and relationship between mothers and daughters. Al-Mosaed describes a study conducted where 173 female college students were questioned about their relationships with their mothers; of the most notable information collected, married daughters reported having a better relationship with their mothers while divorced daughters cited a much more negative relationship with their mothers, and all daughters reported being devalued when compared to their brothers. It is important to note that the women who participated in this study were daughters of Saudi families, which may suggest the effects of the patriarchal society on the mother-daughter relationship. Al-Mosaed’s article was interestingly refreshing because of its focus on daughters in Saudi families; the author’s research is highly relevant to my chosen topic in that it examines what strengthens and deteriorates the relationship between mother and daughter (in the case of this study, it was suggested that the deterioration stemmed from the overwhelmingly patriarchal society in which they lived) and takes into perspective a culture not often represented in literature about communities of women. Boyd, Carol J. "Mothers and Daughters: A Discussion of Theory and Research." Journal of Marriage and Family 51.2 (1989): 291-301. JSTOR. Web. 14 Apr. 2011. In â€Å"Mothers and Daughters: A Discussion of Theory and Research†, Carol Boyd... ...es each item with the historical happenings of each time period, with a particular interest in the feminist spectrum. Included topics of study are ‘mother blame,’ domestic expectations, maternal sacrifice, ‘feminine containment’, and more (Walters). Suzanna Walters wrote insightfully and intelligently about the various condemning ways that mothers and daughters have been viewed in popular media for more than sixty years. I found this text to be extremely helpful in that I gained knowledge in the many ways that society’s sexism was/is portrayed in various popular media outlets; the pressure laid on mothers and daughters was/is excruciating and, as displayed in many of the films, resulted in general unhappiness for women. I believe this text will prove to be extremely helpful in evaluating mother/daughter relationships as related in history and in the media. Mother-Daughter Relationships: A Feminist Overview Essay -- Analysis, Al-Mosaed, Nora F. "Mother-Daughter Relationships: A Feminist Overview." Journal of the Social Sciences 31.3 (2003): 707-729. Sociological Abstracts. Print. Nora Al-Mosaed’s â€Å"Mother-Daughter Relationships: A Feminist Overview† argues that sexism and unequal treatment towards women in a patriarchal society negatively impacts the behavior and relationship between mothers and daughters. Al-Mosaed describes a study conducted where 173 female college students were questioned about their relationships with their mothers; of the most notable information collected, married daughters reported having a better relationship with their mothers while divorced daughters cited a much more negative relationship with their mothers, and all daughters reported being devalued when compared to their brothers. It is important to note that the women who participated in this study were daughters of Saudi families, which may suggest the effects of the patriarchal society on the mother-daughter relationship. Al-Mosaed’s article was interestingly refreshing because of its focus on daughters in Saudi families; the author’s research is highly relevant to my chosen topic in that it examines what strengthens and deteriorates the relationship between mother and daughter (in the case of this study, it was suggested that the deterioration stemmed from the overwhelmingly patriarchal society in which they lived) and takes into perspective a culture not often represented in literature about communities of women. Boyd, Carol J. "Mothers and Daughters: A Discussion of Theory and Research." Journal of Marriage and Family 51.2 (1989): 291-301. JSTOR. Web. 14 Apr. 2011. In â€Å"Mothers and Daughters: A Discussion of Theory and Research†, Carol Boyd... ...es each item with the historical happenings of each time period, with a particular interest in the feminist spectrum. Included topics of study are ‘mother blame,’ domestic expectations, maternal sacrifice, ‘feminine containment’, and more (Walters). Suzanna Walters wrote insightfully and intelligently about the various condemning ways that mothers and daughters have been viewed in popular media for more than sixty years. I found this text to be extremely helpful in that I gained knowledge in the many ways that society’s sexism was/is portrayed in various popular media outlets; the pressure laid on mothers and daughters was/is excruciating and, as displayed in many of the films, resulted in general unhappiness for women. I believe this text will prove to be extremely helpful in evaluating mother/daughter relationships as related in history and in the media.

The Nature and Status of Folk Psychology

The nature and status of Folk Psychology (UP) In philosophy circles is controversial. In this essay I shall begin by briefly defining what folk psychology Is. Followed by an outline on eliminative where some of the controversy lies. My main focus will be on Paul Churchyard's views and his arguments against UP, as this will enable me to facilitate an assessment of his criticisms.Subsequent to that I will search for my own view in the defense of UP in the light of its proponents such as Horror and Woodward or Denned. By doing this I will then be able to gauge the plausibility of Churchyard's criticisms of UP. Folk psychology (UP) is the name given by lamentableness to the common sense understanding of the mind (Mind and Bodies pep). A common sense view which accepts that we all have desires and emotions such as fear, lust, beliefs, desire, pain, pleasure ,love, hate, joy attraction and so forth.These deferent states of being are utilized in what are called propositional attitudes which show intent. An example of a propositional attitude is Brenda ‘believes' she can win the lottery, Hereford ‘believes' is the Intentionality in this propositional attitude. The view of UP encapsulated by Paul Churchyard Is that It â€Å"embodies our baseline understanding of the cognitive, affective, and purposive nature of person. Considered as a whole, it constitutes our conception of what a person is†. (Churchyard in Guatemalan, 1994, p. 08) Before we go on to examine Churchyards criticism of UP, I think it would be useful to give a brief overview of the eliminations viewpoint regarding UP. Eliminative materialism (also called eliminative) Is a materialist position in the hilltop's of mind. Its primary claim is that people's common-sense understanding of the mind (or folk psychology) Is false and that certain classes of mental states that most people believe in do not exist (Wilkinson, Mind and Bodies pep) Paul M. Churchyard (b. 942) a Canadian-born philosopher is a leading proponent of eliminative; he is a long time critic of UP and the foremost advocate of neuroscience. Churchyards criticism dovetails with the eliminations claim that UP is a false theory â€Å"Eliminative materialism is the thesis that our common-sense inception of psychological phenomena constitutes† (eliminative Materialism and the Propositional Attitudes' Paul M Churchyard Reading 6, Wilkinson, Mind and Bodies p 194). He claims that UP is not only a radically false theory but also an empirical theory by pointing out Its similarities with other theories.He does this by stating how our â€Å"familiar mentalist vocabulary' is to be understood like other semantic terms. In that the terms used need or in fact do operate by a network of formulate laws like any other theory. An example of how Churchyard employs UP as theory Is found In his hypothesis argument on understanding the minds of others. He says that we can use UP as a hypothetical framework which Works in the main and is reasonable' to employ (Wilkinson, Mind and Bodies pep).Although Churchyard accepts our everyday use of UP as a reasonable thing to do he still argues forcefully his claim, that UP is a false theory and does this with a three pronged attack: – (a) its ontology is an illusion, (b) It is a stagnant theory and incapable of advance (c) It Is not reducible to neuroscience. (a) Churchyard begins his attack on UP by declaring that It ouch as mental illness; imagination; intelligence differences; sleep issues; motor co- ordination; perceptual illusions and memory, that he claims UP has nothing to say.He includes learning in this critique and with a further assault on UP propositional attitudes, questions where they are stored and how they are learnt to be employed, both vital to UP views on the conception of the mental. However Churchyard does not go as far as to say UP is not true but rather illusionary and that â€Å"UP is at best a highly superficial theory' (Ibid IPPP up 16) (b) Churchyard argues on historical grounds that The UP story is one of retreat infertility and decadence† (Ibid IPPP IPPP).He gives the example of how early man used UP to relate to their environment in a naive fashion believing that the wind was capable of anger, the moon Jealousy as examples of early intentional attitudes. Therefore backing up his argument that UP along with these historical intentional attitudes has become stagnant and sterile and had to give ground in the face of better theories from the area of empirical science (Wilkinson Mind and Bodies pep). To add further weight to this criticism Churchyard uses MireLegatos' terms that â€Å"UP is a stagnant or degenerating research program, and has been for millennia† (Churchyard, Reading 6, Wilkinson, Mind and Bodies, IPPP, up 18). (c) Theoretical reductionism, the process by which one theory is absorbed into another is what Churchyard uses as the main thrust of his argument that UP is probably f alse as it is not reducible to neuroscience. How UP promises theoretical integration by Churchyard's opinion is very poor he bashes FPS lack of progress and coherence in relation to natural history and physical sciences.Where he believes there growth in rinsing understanding of man is out performing UP in many respects, pointing to neuroscience breakthroughs in human sensory input and neural activity. Furthermore according to Churchyard, UP is akin to a misfit standing alone looking incapable of synthesis as FPS â€Å"stagnation and explanatory impotence promise little faith† (Ibid IPPP IPPP). Moreover UP will not likely be reflected by neuroscience as it will seem to be antiquated and here he draws a parallel between UP and ‘Aristotelian cosmology.His final and most damming attack to back up his arguments on FPS laziness is that it â€Å"suffers explanatory failures on an epic scale† (Ibid, IPPP, IPPP). I will now go over the main points of Churchyards arguments and challenge their validity and soundness in the light of his main critics and defenders of UP. Churchyards first criticism that there are areas of the mind such as motor co- ordination, sleep and memory which he says are not dealt sufficiently by UP. And implying that its ontology may be false is objected to by a riposte from two American philosophers Horror and Woodward in defense of UP.Firstly on the grounds that to impose demands on any psychological theory accounting for considerable know how when theoretical knowledge is relatively primitive (A fair point given that psychology as a medical discipline has only been practiced about the last one hundred years). Secondly, as Churchyard argues if UP is to be a successful theory the fact it must offer explanations for all the phenomena it lists in Horror and Woodward opinion this argument needs to be treated with skepticism and caution (Horror and Woodward, 1985, up. 00). Finally as Churchyard's narrowing of FPS definition does no t cover retain areas of the mind it is also dismissed, with good argument I think, because cognitive psychology has developed detailed theories on intentional psychologies (UP) Churchyards empirical argument fails to provide a convincing critique on the grounds that the theories outlined are explainable in terms of UP. Churchyards second assault on UP that it is a stagnant theory employing the same mentalist framework as the ancient Greeks.Horror and Woodward have a counter argument they rebut his view by citing the progression in 18th and 20th century literature such as Jane Austin and John Birth. Furthermore bringing their point to bear with great assurance when they point to the modern day skill in appealing to our â€Å"unconscious beliefs and motivations†, in my view borne out when viewing our modern day advertising. Therefore a rebuttal to Churchyards assertion that UP is a stagnant theory, incapable of advance is found to be false (Wilkinson, Mind and Bodies pep).In re ply to Churchyards controversial damning conclusion on FPS falseness due to its inability to reduction and that it â€Å"suffers explanatory failures on an epic scale† (Reading 6 IPPP,IPPP), American philosopher Daniel Detente (1942) points out hat eliminations fails to recognize UP as a ‘normative' theory (not Just a descriptive one). In that it also encapsulates an ‘ideal' or recommendation on how to proceed as a rational being with a value structure which incorporates social practices, such as greeting, reassuring, that is relevant to everyday existence.A pertinent point made by Denned in that it is not Just crucial not only to our own reason as human beings but that it enables us to act and think rationally and facilitates good social relations. This as can be deduced makes a mockery of Churchyards FPS falseness claims. These thoughts are mirrored by Horror and Woodward that UP although probably not reducible to neuroscience â€Å"Churchyard is Just mistaken to assume that UP must be reducible to neuroscience in order to be compatible with it† (Horror and Woodward, 1985, PEP).The assessment and examination of eliminations views on Folk Psychology with particular regard to Churchyards criticisms and UP defenders crystallites for me the essence of the UP debate, theory or practice? , reality or illusion? , past or future? UP for me is a skill nurtured by the past and in my opinion elegantly defended by Horror and Woodward arguments not only for its continual relevance but its reliance upon contemporary culture implying a growth in its lexicon.Finally Dent's utter dismissal of the eliminations views that UP left a great deal unexplained. And it is by Dent's assertion that we need UP to give us a language of reason for both our personal and social behaviors, a real boon to Folk psychology. After defining and outlining both UP and eliminative, we can see some plausible solutions to the controversy with regards to the claims that UP is a false theory, Rutherford that it is illusory, stagnant and non reducible. In my opinion Churchyard's assertion that UP is a false theory is invalid.As having seen the arguments for criticizing UP I have come to the view that Churchyard's criticisms of UP can easily be argued against, not because of his limitations of his understanding but because of his not taking into account ‘normative' values pointed out by Denned. But also invalid on the grounds that at least two to three thousand years in the life of mankind would be in my view absurdly dismissed. And finally if we were all given a behaving like robots making poetry and art nonsense!

Consequences of the Conquest of the Aztecs

Consequences of the Conquest of the Aztecs In 1519, conquistador Hernan Cortes landed on Mexicos Gulf coast and began an audacious conquest of the mighty Aztec Empire. By August of 1521, the glorious city of Tenochtitlan was in ruins. The Aztec lands were renamed New Spain and the colonization process began. Conquistadors were replaced by bureaucrats and colonial officials, and Mexico would be a Spanish colony until it began its fight for independence in 1810. Cortes defeat of the Aztec Empire had many ramifications, not the least of which was the eventual creation of the nation we know as Mexico. Here are some of the many consequences of the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs and their lands. It Sparked a Wave of Conquests Cortes sent his first shipment of Aztec gold back to Spain in 1520, and from that moment, the gold rush was on. Thousands of adventurous young Europeans - not only Spanish - heard tales of the great riches of the Aztec Empire and they set out to make their fortune just like Cortes had. Some of them arrived in time to join Cortes, but most of them did not. Mexico and the Caribbean soon filled with desperate, ruthless soldiers looking to take part in the next great conquest. Conquistador armies scoured the New World for wealthy cities to loot. Some were successful, like Francisco Pizarros conquest of the Inca Empire in western South America, but most were failures, like Panfilo de Narvaez disastrous expedition to Florida in which all but four men out of over three hundred died. In South America, the legend of El Dorado - a lost city ruled by a king who covered himself in gold - persisted into the nineteenth century.  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Population of the New World was Decimated The Spanish Conquistadors came armed with cannons, crossbows, lances, fine Toledo swords and firearms, none of which had ever been seen by native warriors before. The native cultures of the New World were warlike and tended to fight first and ask questions later, so there was much conflict and many natives were killed in battle. Others were enslaved, driven from their homes, or forced to endure starvation and rapine. Far worse than the violence inflicted by the conquistadors was the horror of smallpox. The disease arrived on the shores of Mexico with one of the members of Panfilo de Narvaez army in 1520 and soon spread; it even reached the Inca Empire in South America by 1527. The disease killed hundreds of millions in Mexico alone: its impossible to know specific numbers, but by some estimates, smallpox wiped out between 25% and 50% of the population of the Aztec Empire. It Led to Cultural Genocide In the Mesoamerican world, when one culture conquered another - which happened frequently - the winners imposed their gods upon the losers, but not to the exclusion of their original gods. The vanquished culture kept their temples and their gods, and often welcomed the new deities, on the grounds that their followers victory had proven them strong. These same native cultures were shocked to discover that the Spanish did not believe the same way. Conquistadors routinely destroyed temples inhabited by devils and told the natives that their god was the only one and that to worship their traditional deities was heresy. Later, Catholic priests arrived and began burning native codices by the thousands. These native books were a treasure trove of cultural information and history, and tragically only a few battered examples survive today. It Brought Forth the Vile Encomienda System After the successful conquest of the Aztecs, Hernan Cortes and subsequent colonial bureaucrats were faced with two problems. The first was how to reward the blood-soaked conquistadors who had taken the land (and who had been badly cheated out of their shares of the gold by Cortes). The second was how to rule large swaths of conquered land. They decided to kill two birds with one stone by implementing the encomienda system. The Spanish verb encomendar means to entrust and the system worked like this: a conquistador or bureaucrat was entrusted with vast lands and the natives living on them. The encomendero was responsible for the safety, education and religious well-being of the men and women on his land, and in exchange, they paid him with goods, food, labor, etc. The system was implemented in subsequent conquests, including Central America and Peru. In reality, the encomienda system was thinly-disguised slavery and millions died in unspeakable conditions, particularly in mines. The N ew Laws of 1542 tried to rein in the worst aspects of the system, but they were so unpopular with colonists that Spanish landowners in Peru went into open rebellion. It made Spain a World Power Before 1492, what we call Spain was a collection of feudal Christian Kingdoms which could barely put aside their own squabbling long enough to oust the Moors from Southern Spain. One hundred years later, a united Spain was a European powerhouse. Some of that had to do with a series of efficient rulers, but much was because of the great wealth flowing into Spain from its New World holdings. Although much of the original gold looted from the Aztec Empire was lost to shipwrecks or pirates, rich silver mines were discovered in Mexico and later in Peru. This wealth made Spain a world power and involved them in wars and conquests around the globe. The tons of silver, much of which was made into the famous pieces of eight, would encourage Spains Siglo de Oro or golden century which saw great contributions in art, architecture, music, and literature from Spanish artists.   Sources: Levy, Buddy. . New York: Bantam, 2008. Silverberg, Robert. The Golden Dream: Seekers of El Dorado. Athens: the Ohio University Press, 1985. Thomas, Hugh. . New York: Touchstone, 1993.

When ledgends die essays

When ledgends die essays In the book When the Legends Die by Hal Borland, Tom is influenced by many people and their ideas. As his settings change, new things influence him to change his personality. The three main influences on Tom are his mother Bessie, Red Dillon and His biggest influence out of everyone would be his mother Bessie. She taught Tom about the old ways, how to fish, chant and weave baskets. Basically she him everything he knows. As well as teaching Tom all these things she taught him to be self sufficient. Eventhough she had 13 years with her son, she gave him a belief in his indian ways that would come back again later on in his life. At the end of this novel when he goes back to the old ways, it's really a way for him to thank her for everything she provided him with. He really found himself at the end of the novel and found his Red Dillon was the total opposite of Bessie. He made him forget about where he was from and his goals for life. He pushed Tom farther away from his history. He also got him to cheat and drink. Tom knew these things were wrong but it stayed in his routine. Red tested Tom to his fullest and pushed Tom to work harder. Unfortunatley Red did not work quite as hard as Tom and even got Tom to set a deadfall on one of his rides. When he was living with the white man he was getting used to the white peoples ways all the while losing site of his Ute history. Mary Redmond who was another of Tom's influences played a big role in encouraging Toms to change his ideas about life in general. She was the one looking over him wile he was staying in the hospital. She was the only person that was in the hospital who truly cared for him. He knew she meant well but he was scared to ask her for help because he had been let down so many times before in his life. She changed his thinking on what he was going to do when he go out of the hospital. At first ...

Risk management and insurance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Risk management and insurance - Assignment Example (Yahoo Finance 2013) Professional liability insurance is a specialized form of liability insurance which indemnifies a professional who causes a loss to his or her client due to the negligent performance of their duties or which is not up to the professional standards stipulated by the professional association regulating the particular professional. For example, if a real estate agent arranged the sale of a property to a buyer on the basis that it would provide a specified level of rental income and it failed to do so, the real estate agent could be held liable for the shortfall on the basis of negligent misrepresentation. The article goes on to state that Great American Insurance Group’s Professional Liability Division launched earlier this year with offices in New York and Pennsylvania. Great American Stock Performance The following material was obtained from http://ir.greatamerican.com/stockquote.htm. It was obtained at 2:06 pm. ET Nov. 22, 2013. Last Price Change Open Day High 52 Week High $0.26 $0.00(Down 7.63%) $0.26 $0.26 $0.50 Volume Previous Close Day Low 52 Week Low 11,500 $0.26 $0.26 $0.15 Year End Stock Prices Stock Price ($) $3.70 $0.49 $0.12 $0.31 Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 The website goes on to stipulate that the above information is intended for informational and not trading purposes and is provided by a third party and not Great American. Description of Company Great American Insurance Group is engaged primarily in property and casualty insurance focusing on specialized commercial products for businesses and in the sale of traditional annuities.(Great American Insurance Group) The Property and Casualty Group (P and C) is among the oldest in the US, dating from the founding of the Great American Insurance Company in 1872. The website advises it has about 30 specialty lines of insurance to meet the needs especially of a variety of small and mid sized businesses. (Presumably this is because larger companies tend to have sufficient resources to self insure for many of the risks.) The site also claims that the company builds relationships with the markets and the communities it serves so that they can concentrate on their core business rather than on the risks they may face. While this is likely true, it must be remembered that companies too small to have their own risk manager tend to rely on their insurance broker for sound impartial advice concerning what insurance coverage they really need and what risks can be dealt with more economically by other means. The website also quotes high financial strength ratings by such agencies as Standard & Poors and Moodys. There are also various kinds of reinsurance coverage available within the Great American Group. There are 4 accounting ratios important to the financial health of a company. Unfortunately I was unable to obtain precise figures for Great American, only the reference to their overall â€Å"A† rating by agencies indicating that this company is in good standin g financially. However I will explain the calculation and the importance of each of the ratios. The first one is the loss ratio which is losses (claims paid) plus adjustment expenses

See below Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

See below - Essay Example the experiences of the six year old protagonist, ‘Scout’ who learns the harsh facts of the life and comes out a winner because they teach her the fundamental lesson that life is not always easy to understand and all people, irrespective of color, race or social status have the right to live with dignity. She learnt that â€Å"you never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view..† (Atticus, 30). The book has been a reflection of the experiences of the author who had seen the destructive and irredeemable harms of the racial discriminatory practices that were deliberately inflicted on the less privileged segment of the society. It is true that early twentieth century did see some constitutional reforms regarding racial discrimination but unfortunately till 1960s, little efforts were made to implement them. The book has explored the crucial issue of racial prejudices in a manner that has managed to stir the sensitivity of the masses provoking them to question the legitimacy of such practices in the times when America was advocating for democratic values and equal rights. Its has aptly been titled in the light of the prevailing social paradigms that supported the oppressions of the black and believed them to be inferior. The book revolves around the family of the protagonist, Scout, her brother Jem and their father Atticus Finch, a well respected lawyer, who is against any racial or class prejudice and instills the same values in his two children. They live in a southern Alabama in Maycomb where the impact of great depression is visible in its class division. â€Å"People moved slowly then†¦ nothing to buy, and no money to buy it with..† (Scout, 11).  The father teaches the important values through examples and says "..but before I can live with other folks Ive got to live with myself.   The one thing that doesnt abide by majority rule is a persons conscience" (Atticus, 114). He employs a colored woman, Calpurnia as his